The blue Ammonia, is produced from natural Gas with carbon capture and storage (CCS). Hydrogen is separated from the natural gas through steam methane reforming (SMR) or auto thermal reforming. Carbon capture technologies are used to remove the Co2 generated through this process and transport it for re-use or long term storage. Now, Nitrogen gas is obtained through the air separation and then combining with the hydrogen gas to produce ammonia through Haber-bosch process.
ADVANTAGE:
1) it has higher energy density than hydrogen.
2) Ammonia is easier to store and easy to transport.
3) When Ammonia is being used as fuel, it does not produce carbon-dioxide, sulfur or particulate-matter.
DISADVANTAGE:
1) Ammonia is very corrosive and toxic.
2) Exhaust gases from the ammonia fueled engines contain nitrogen oxide and nitrous oxide, so additional technology is required to remove those harmful substances.
Blue ammonia and hybrid green ammonia (which is ammonia produced in plants that use both fossil fuels and renewable electricity) are both necessary components of the journey to net zero, providing a cost effective transition to green ammonia production.
